Comprehensive Analysis of First Quarter Reports for FY 2080/81: A Closer Look at Development Banks in Nepal

The disclosure of first-quarter reports for the ongoing fiscal year 2080/81 from all 16 development banks offers a detailed understanding of their financial standing. This in-depth analysis will specifically focus on evaluating the financial performance of the "B" class financial institution, Development Banks of Nepal.

Currently listed on NEPSE, there are a total of 16 development banks. However, not all of the banks fall under the same category. The development banks can be categorized into two subcategories, National-level banks, and Regional-level banks. Therefore, our examination will center on dissecting the performance of B-class financial institutions based on the unaudited 1st quarterly report of the 2080/81 fiscal year.

Net profit:

As per the quarterly report, Muktinath Bikas Bank Limited (MNBBL) has reported the highest net profit for the period amounting to Rs. 22.88 Crores. Garima Bikas Bank Limited (GBBL) comes in second place in terms of profit which amounts to Rs. 20.15 Crores.

The third position is secured by Shine Resunga Development Bank (SHINE) with a net profit of Rs. 19.17 Crores. In terms of growth in Net profit, Kamana Sewa Bikas Bank (KSBBL) has obtained a growth margin of 188% for the Q1 of FY 80/81.

Coming towards the regional level, Karnali Development Bank (KRBL) has reported the highest growth in net profit of 149.15% while Excel Development Bank (EDBL) reported the highest decline in net profit of 737% in the Q1 of FY 80/81. As per reports, 12 companies have reported a decline in net profit for this period.

Paid-up capital:

Muktinath Bikas Bank Limited (MNBBL) has the highest paid-up capital amounting to Rs. 6.42 Arba among all the development banks. Garima Bikas Bank Limited (GBBL) has the second-highest paid-up capital amounting to Rs. 5.19 Arba.

On the other hand, Narayani Development Bank Limited (NABBC) has the lowest paid-up capital of Rs. 26.25 Crores.

Reserve and surplus:

The reserve is the amount that is retained by the company from its profits to promote future growth.

Muktinath Bikas Bank Limited (MNBBL) has reported the highest reserve and surplus which amounts to Rs. 3.2 Arba. MNBBL is followed by Lumbini Bikas Bank Limited (LBBL) with a total reserve of Rs. 2.74 Arba. Garima Bikas Bank Limited (GBBL) has secured the third position with a reserve of 2.73 Arba.

Whereas, Narayani Development Bank Limited (NABBC) and Saptakoshi Development Bank (SAPDBL) have reported negative reserves and surplus.

Deposits from Customers:

In B-class institution, Muktinath Bikas Bank Limited (MNBBL) has topped the list with a total deposit of Rs. 1.16 Kharba. This list is followed by Garima Bikas Bank Limited (GBBL) with a total deposit of Rs. 78.36 Arba. Jyoti Bikas Bank Limited (JBBL) has secured the third position with a total deposit of Rs. 61.81 Arba.

The overall development bank has collected a total deposit of Rs. 5.63 Kharba.

Loans and Advances to Customers:

Till Q1 2080/2081, total loans and advances of development banks stood at Rs. 4.54 Kharba. The average loan stood at Rs. 28.37 Arba.

Muktinath Bikas Bank Limited (MNBBL) has disbursed the highest amount of loans which amounts to Rs. 96.74 Arba. Following the list, Garima Bikas Bank Limited (GBBL) has disbursed a total loan of Rs. 63.02 Arba. Jyoti Bikas Bank Limited (JBBL) has disbursed a loan of Rs. 51.13 Arba which puts it in third place.

Net interest income:

Net Interest Income is the core business revenue which is calculated by subtracting the cost related to the deposits from the income from loans and advances.

In terms of Net interest income, Muktinath Bikas Bank Limited (MNBBL) tops the list with a total of Rs. 1.04 Arba. Garima Bikas Bank Limited (GBBL) has the second-highest net interest income amounting to Rs. 88.83 Crores. GBBL is followed by Jyoti Bikas Bank Limited (JBBL) which has reported a net interest income of Rs. 57.40 Crores.

Out of the 16 banks, 8 banks have reported above-industry-average net interest income.

Provisions for the period (Impairment/Reversal):

Banks have set aside a certain amount in loan loss provision and have delayed the loan repayment of several borrowers. A total of Rs 1.91 Arba has been shown in an impairment charge for a loan and other losses.

In National Level, Muktinath Bikas Bank Limited (MNBBL) has the highest impairment charge for a loan and other losses with Rs. 36.15 Crores. Garima Bikas Bank Limited (GBBL) also has higher provisions amounting to Rs. 35.35 Crores.

In the regional level, Narayani Development Bank Limited (NABBC) has reported the lowest impairment charges for this period.

Earnings per share:

Karnali Development Bank Limited (KRBL) topped the list in terms of EPS amounting to Rs. 32.50 per share. LBBL Bikas Bank Limited (LBBL) has the second-highest EPS with Rs. 20.49 per share.

Out of 16 development banks, 12 banks have reported above-industry average EPS.

Net worth per share:

The highest net worth per share is reported by Lumbini Bikas Bank Limited (LBBL) with Rs. 181.07 per share. This is followed by Mahalaxmi Bikas Bank Limited (MLBL) with a net worth per share of Rs. 157.38 per share. Similarly, Garima Bikas Bank Limited (GBBL) reported a net worth of Rs. 152.71 per share.

The average net worth per share comes at Rs. 128.33 per share when we factor in the net worth per share of all the 16 banks.

P/E Ratio:

The P/E ratio tells investors what they are paying for each rupee of earnings of the firm. The lower the ratio, the better the deal.

In terms of the P/E ratio, Karnali Development Bank Limited (KRBL) has the lowest P/E ratio of 7.95 times. Meanwhile, Corporate Development Bank Limited reported the highest P/E of 105.53 times from the regional level.

One should always check the fundamentals of the company and if they find the bad fundamentals then there is a reason for the lower valuation. Also, the PE is calculated as per the quarter-end closing price of the respective companies. In today's date, the price differs in the secondary market.

Non-Performing Loans:

Non-performing loan indicates the risk of credit provided by the bank to its clients. A higher NPL indicates that the bank might be at risk.

In terms of NPL, Muktinath Bikas Bank Limited (MNBBL) has the lowest ratio with an NPL of 1.49%, and on the other hand, Saptakoshi Development Bank Limited (SAPDBL) has reported the highest NPL of 18.50%.

Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR):

In terms of the Capital Adequacy ratio (CAR), Corporate Development Bank Limited (CORBL) seems to have reported the highest CAR of 44.92%, while Karnali Development Bank Limited (KRBL) has the lowest CAR of 10.10%.

CAR is the ratio of a bank's capital in relation to its risk-weighted assets and current liabilities.

Others:

Cost of Funds, CD Ratio, Base Rates, and Interest Spread:

Cost of Funds: The term cost of funds refers to how much banks and financial institutions spend in order to acquire money to lend to their customers. The lower the cost of funds, the better because it ultimately reduces the cost of banks. As per reports, Green Development Bank Limited (GRDBL) has the highest Cost of Funds at 9.99%, whereas Sindhu Bikas Bank Limited (SINDU) has the lowest cost of funds at 8.36%.

CD Ratio: The CD ratio refers to the credit-deposit ratio in banking parlance. It tells how much of the money banks have raised in the form of deposits has been deployed as loans. Similarly, Corporate Development Bank Limited (CORBL) has reported the highest CD ratio of 93.07%, whereas Karnali Development Bank Limited (KRBL) has reported the lowest CD ratio of 75.78%.

Base Rate and Interest Spread:

Base rate is defined as the minimum interest rate set by the NRB below which banks are not permitted to lend to their customers. Narayani Development Bank Limited (NABBC) reports the highest base rate of 17.78%, and Excel Development Bank Limited (EDBL) has the lowest base rate of 12%.

Similarly, the net interest rate spread is the difference between the interest rate a bank pays to depositors and the interest rate it receives from loans to consumers. Here,Narayani Development Bank Limited (NABBC) has the highest interest spread of 5.12%.

Finally, the table below provides a full picture of the major indicators of 16 development banks as of the first quarter of FY 2080-2081.